Ethos Academy - Ethospedia

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2 months ago | [YT] | 0

Ethos Academy - Ethospedia

YouTube 是準備各種考試的最佳工具
在 YouTube 影片中我們可以註明各國教育系統、年級和考試標準。
例如這是英國的大學預科課程，適合 AP Psychology 考試。

5 months ago | [YT] | 1

Ethos Academy - Ethospedia

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8 months ago | [YT] | 1

Ethos Academy - Ethospedia

Haidt, The Happiness Hypothesis: Reciprocity with a Vengeance
Reciprocity is the basic currency of social life.
It's the idea that we should respond to others' actions in kind.
It's a deep instinct that we all possess.
And it's the reason why we feel compelled to return a favor or help someone who has helped us.
The opening scene of The Godfather is a perfect example of reciprocity in action.
Bonasera wants revenge for his daughter's assault, and Corleone refuses until Bonasera offers respect and friendship.
Reciprocity is what binds us together as a society.
It's what allows us to create relationships and build trust.

Ultrasociality
Did you know that flight evolved independently at least three times in the animal kingdom?
Insects, dinosaurs (including modern birds), and mammals (bats) all developed physical features that enabled them to fly.
Similarly, ultrasociality evolved independently at least four times in the animal kingdom.
Hymenoptera, termites, naked mole rats, and humans all possess features that enhance cooperation.
In the animal kingdom, kin altruism explains most altruistic behavior.
Animals will risk their lives for their offspring, but also for their siblings, nephews, nieces, and cousins.
However, kin altruism only explains how a few dozen or a hundred animals can work together.
For ultrasocial species like bees, termites, and mole rats, the entire colony is one big family.
This ultrakinship led to ultracooperation, allowing for a massive division of labor.
Ants, for example, have castes like soldier, forager, nursery worker, and food storage bag.
Humans also use fictitious kinship names for nonrelatives to extend the reach of kin altruism.
The mafia is known as “the family,” and the idea of a godfather is an attempt to forge a kin-like link with a man who is not true kin.

You Scratch My Back, I'll Scratch Yours
Have you ever felt the need to repay a favor, even with a stranger?
It's because humans possess an automatic reciprocity reflex.
This strategy involves being kind initially and then mirroring the partner's behavior in subsequent interactions.
It's like 'you scratch my back, I'll scratch yours'.
Cooperation among animals is essential, especially for hunters who face unpredictable success.
Vampire bats share blood with fellow bats who helped them in the past.
Gratitude and vengefulness are integral to human ultrasociality, evolving in tandem.
Gratitude encourages repayment of favors, while vengefulness deters exploitation.
The human brain tracks fairness and social accounts-receivable, facilitating reciprocity.
One study even revealed that unfair offers in an economic game activated brain areas associated with negative emotions like anger and disgust.

You Stab His Back, I'll Stab Yours
Research by Robin Dunbar suggests that brain size corresponds to social group size.
This link between brain size and group size likely influenced the development of language and gossip.
Gossip serves a crucial role in maintaining social order.
It enables people to share social information and fosters cooperation.
Without gossip, rude, selfish, and antisocial acts could go unnoticed, leading to chaos and ignorance.
Gossip motivates people to share information and build reputations.
Gossip and reputation management create an ultrasocial world where reciprocity thrives.
Kindness begets kindness, while cruelty begets cruelty, allowing karma to work on Earth.

Use the Force, Luke
Reciprocity is a powerful principle in human interactions.
Charities give gifts to invoke reciprocity, just as Hare Krishnas did with flowers.
But reciprocity can also be used to manipulate us.
It's essential to recognize when reciprocity is being used against us and fight back.
Reciprocity isn't limited to salespeople; it influences friendships and romantic relationships.
Maintaining balance in giving and receiving is crucial in the early stages of relationships.
Reciprocity works because humans are natural mimics.
This mirroring creates a sense of unity and strengthens social bonds.
So, remember to be aware of reciprocity and its power.
Recognize when it's being used to manipulate you and fight back.
Stay in control!

1 year ago | [YT] | 0

Ethos Academy - Ethospedia

The Happiness Hypothesis (by Haidt)
Humans have two qualities: reason and impulse. Buddha compared them to a rider and an elephant, and Plato compared them to a driver and a horse. Ancient Indians believed that people have a rational mind and an irrational gut-brain. These are interesting discussions.
We started to make a video of the book "Happiness Hypothesis" written by Haidt, a famous psychologist. Come and take a look at what he said about human split personality!

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1 year ago | [YT] | 2

Ethos Academy - Ethospedia

幸福假說 (海特著)
人有理智和衝動兩種質素並存，佛陀比喻為騎象人和大象，柏拉圖比喻為駕車人和馬匹。古印度人認為人有理智的頭腦和不理智的腸腦。這些是很有趣的論述。
我開始把心理學名著海特著的 "幸福假說" 一書製作成影片，您也來看一看他怎麼說人類的分裂性格吧！

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1 year ago | [YT] | 1

Ethos Academy - Ethospedia

Alice through looking glass
We believe that most people have seen or read J. K. Rowling's Harry Potter or Tolkin's Lord of the Rings. However, you may not have read the earlier British fantasy literature such as C. S. Lewis's The Chronicles of Narnia, and the earliest one written by Lewis Carrol Alice in Wonderland and Alice through looking glass are even less familiar.
Now we've made the latter two into videos.

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1 year ago | [YT] | 0

Ethos Academy - Ethospedia

愛麗絲鏡中奇遇

相信大部分人看過或讀過 J. K. Rowling 的 Harry Potter 或 Tolkin 的 Lord of the rings. 但是英國更早的奇幻文學如 C. S. Lewis 的 The Chronicles of Narnia 就不一定讀過，而最早的 Lewis Carrol 寫的 Alice in Wonderland 和 Alice through looking glass 就更不熟了。
現在我把後二者都製作成影片，大家可以補補課。

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1 year ago | [YT] | 1

Ethos Academy - Ethospedia

Which picture symbolizes self-esteem?

1 year ago | [YT] | 0

Ethos Academy - Ethospedia

upcoming: Liking, Loving, and Interpersonal Sensitivity
from Aronson, The Social Animal
The Effects of Praise and Favors
Personal Attributes
Similarity and Attraction
Liking, Being Liked, and Self-Esteem
The Gain and Loss of Esteem
Love and Intimacy

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1 year ago | [YT] | 0