Spontaneous mutation: Introduction, Definition and causes

Mutation: Definition and classification of mutation

Use of Haploid, Dihaploid and Double haploids

Chromosomal Aberration: Numerical aberration (including polyploidy)

Chromosomal Aberration: Structural aberration

Sex linked, sex limited and sex influenced trait

Sex determination In plant: Genic sex determination

Sex determination in plants: Environmental and chromosomal sex determination

Sex determination: Introduction and mechanism ( Genic balance theory, chromosomal theory)

Plant growth regulators: Function of Cytokinins, Abscisic acid (ABA) and Ethylene

Plant growth regulators: Introduction and function of Auxin and Gibberellin

Photoperiodism: Significance of photoperiodism

Photoperiodism: mechanism ( Phytochrome)

Photoperiodism: Definition, Categories of plants and photoperiodic induction

Factors affecting stomatal movements

Stomatal movement (Malate or K+ ion pump hypothesis)

Mechanism of stomatal movement or Stomatal closing and opening: Two theories

Stomata: Definition, Types and Functions

Crossing over mechanism and chiasma terminalization mechanism

Crossing over: Definition, Types, Significance and factors affecting crossing over

Linkage: Definition, Types and their significance

Role of OECD in seed marketing

Transpiration: factor affecting transpiration rate

Transpiration: Definition, Types, Significance, Advantages and Disadvantages

Blood group genetics: ABO and Bombay blood group and their inheritance

Berseem & Lucerne: Origin, distribution, wild relatives, breeding objectives and procedures

Absorption of water in plant: Factors affecting absorption of water

Water Absorption mechanism in plant: Active and Passive absorption

Role of WTO in seed marketing

Seed marketing: factor affecting seed marketing

Seed marketing organisation

Seed marketing channel

Seed marketing: Definition, Component and Marketing structure

Nutrient uptake mechanism: Active process

Pleiotropy and Pseudoallele: Definition, Example

Pulses (Chickpea, Lentil, field pea): origin, distribution, wild relatives, breeding objectives

Nutrient uptake mechanism: Passive mechanism

Multiple allele

Oats and Barley: centre of origin, distribution, wild species, breeding objectives and methods

Hydroponics: Growing system (NFT, water culture, aeroponics, drip, ebb and flow, wick system)

Gene interaction: Lecture 03; Inhibitory, Masking and Polymeric gene interaction

Wheat: Origin, Distribution, wild relatives, breeding objectives and procedures

Hydroponics: Definition, History, Advantages and Disadvantages

Gene interaction: Lecture 02; Duplicate, Complementary and supplementary gene interaction

Gene interaction: Lecture 01; epistatic and hypostatic genes

Centre of Origin: Primary and secondary centre, Different centre of origin

Seed storage: Lecture 04; Measures for pest and diseases control during storage

Seed storage: Lecture 03; Factors affecting seed longevity (Environmental factors)

Seed storage: Lecture 02; Factor affecting seed longevity (Genetic factors)

Seed storage: Lecture 01; Definition, importance, principles, stages and methods

Mineral nutrition: Deficiency and toxicity symptoms of nutrients in plants

Role of essential nutrients in plants

Mineral nutrition in plants: Essential Nutrients- Macro and Micro nutrients, Essentiality criteria

Diffusion and Osmosis: Definition, Process and their significance

Microbodies (Peroxisomes, Glyoxisomes, Spherosomes) and cytoskeleton structure and function

Vacuole and Lysosomes: structure, biogenesis and function

Seed sampling: Lecture: 2 Procedures of Seed sampling from seed lot

Ribosome, Golgibodies and Endoplasmic reticulum: structure and function

Plant cell: Structure of Nucleus and Mitochondria

Special type of Chromosome Polytene chromosome and Lampbrush chromosome