Title: LGBTQ+, SCIENCE, AND CHRISTIANITY - MY OPINION
[[Part 3/4]] (read part 2 first) SOURCES continued:
Sexuality: "What causes a person to have a particular sexual orientation? There is no consensus among scientists about the exact reasons that an individual develops a heterosexual, bisexual, gay, or lesbian orientation. Although much research has examined the possible genetic, hormonal, developmental, social, and cultural influences on sexual orientation, no findings have emerged that permit scientists to conclude that sexual orientation is determined by any particular factor or factors. Many think that nature and nurture both play complex roles; most people experience little or no sense of choice about their sexual orientation." - Understanding sexual orientation and homosexuality, by the American Psychological Association.
Transgender individuals: "Gender refers to the characteristics of women, men, girls and boys that are socially constructed. This includes norms, behaviours and roles associated with being a woman, man, girl or boy, as well as relationships with each other. As a social construct, gender varies from society to society and can change over time.... Gender interacts with but is different from sex, which refers to the different biological and physiological characteristics of females, males and intersex persons, such as chromosomes, hormones and reproductive organs. Gender and sex are related to but different from gender identity. Gender identity refers to a person’s deeply felt, internal and individual experience of gender, which may or may not correspond to the person’s physiology or designated sex at birth." - Gender and Health, the World Health Organization (WHO).
"Understanding sex and gender is critical to understanding human health and disease. Although “sex” is often incorrectly thought to have the same meaning as “gender,” the terms describe different but connected constructs. Sex and gender shape health independently as distinct factors, as well as interactively through the many ways in which they intersect and influence each other.[1] It is important to understand the differences and interactions between sex and gender to better understand how they affect health and why they are important in medical practice and health research." - Sex and Gender, the National Institutes of Health (NIH).
"What is the difference between sex and gender? Sex is assigned at birth, refers to one’s biological status as either male or female, and is associated primarily with physical attributes such as chromosomes, hormone prevalence, and external and internal anatomy. Gender refers to the socially constructed roles, behaviors, activities, and attributes that a given society considers appropriate for boys and men or girls and women. These influence the ways that people act, interact, and feel about themselves. While aspects of biological sex are similar across different cultures, aspects of gender may differ. Various conditions that lead to atypical development of physical sex characteristics are collectively referred to as intersex conditions. Have transgender people always existed? Transgender persons have been documented in many indigenous, Western, and Eastern cultures and societies from antiquity until the present day. However, the meaning of gender nonconformity may vary from culture to culture. Why are some people transgender? There is no single explanation for why some people are transgender. The diversity of transgender expression and experiences argues against any simple or unitary explanation. Many experts believe that biological factors such as genetic influences and prenatal hormone levels, early experiences, and experiences later in adolescence or adulthood may all contribute to the development of transgender identities." - Understanding transgender people, gender identity and gender expression, American Psychological Association (APA).
"Although sex has traditionally been described as binary—male or female—we are coming to understand that this classification may be too simplistic. Here, we use the term sex to refer to classification into a group with a shared set of anatomical and physiological traits. In this sense, sex in many species is determined largely by inheritance of sex chromosomes. (The term gender, previously used as a synonym of sex, is now more often used to refer to an individual’s own experience of identifying as male, female, or otherwise.).... The biochemical, physiological, and anatomical features associated with “males” and “females” are turning out to be more complicated than previously thought, with many genes involved in their development. Because of the complexity of this process, many variations exist: Some individuals vary in the number of sex chromosomes in their cells, and others are born with intermediate sexual (intersex) characteristics, or with anatomical features that do not match an individual’s sense of their own gender (transgender individuals). Sex determination is an active area of research that will likely yield a more sophisticated understanding in years to come...." - Campbell Biology 12th Edition textbook, Page 298-299 & 1031, Lisa A. Urry, Michael L. Cain, Steven A. Wasserman.
"Some people have a gender which is neither male nor female and may identify as both male and female at one time, as different genders at different times, as no gender at all, or dispute the very idea of only two genders. The umbrella terms for such genders are 'genderqueer' or 'non-binary' genders. Such gender identities outside of the binary of female and male are increasingly being recognized in legal, medical and psychological systems and diagnostic classifications in line with the emerging presence and advocacy of these groups of people. Population-based studies show a small percentage--but a sizable proportion in terms of raw numbers--of people who identify as non-binary. While such genders have been extant historically and globally, they remain marginalized, and as such--while not being disorders or pathological in themselves--people with such genders remain at risk of victimization and of minority or marginalization stress as a result of discrimination." - Non-binary or genderqueer genders, by the National Institutes of Health (NIH).
"Gender is a multidimensional social and cultural construct that includes gender roles, expressions, behaviors, activities, power dynamics, and/or attributes that a given society associates with being a woman, man, girl, or boy, as well as relationships with each other. As a social construct, gender varies from society to society and can change over time.... A nonbinary person identifies outside of a gender binary by seeing themselves as neither a man nor or woman. Nonbinary people are part of the trans community." - Sex, Gender, and Sexuality, by the National Institutes of Health (NIH).
"The American Psychological Association has adopted a resolution opposing efforts to change people’s gender identity, citing scientific research showing that such actions may be harmful. The resolution, adopted by APA’s governing Council of Representatives on Feb. 26, aligns with the association’s stance against similar efforts aimed at changing people’s sexual orientation. “There is a growing body of research that shows that transgender or nonbinary gender identities are normal variations in human expression of gender,” said APA President Jennifer F. Kelly, PhD. “Attempts to force people to conform with rigid gender identities can be harmful to their mental health and well-being.”" - APA adopts resolution opposing biased or coercive efforts to change individuals’ gender identity, by the American Psychological Association (APA).
"Gender has two components: 1. Gender identity – a person’s basic internal sense of being a man, woman, and/or another gender (e.g., gender queer, gender fluid). 2. Gender expression – conveyed through appearance (e.g., clothing, make up, physical features), behaviors, and personality styles. These means of expression are often culturally defined as masculine or feminine. The ways in which people express their gender identity are both particular to each individual and variable across cultures." - Definitions of Gender, Sex, and Sexual Orientation and Pronoun Usage, by the American Psychiatric Association (APA).
"Sex A person’s categorization as biologically male or female, usually on a genital or gonadal basis. Gender Identity One’s identity as belonging or not belonging to a particular gender, whether male, female or a non-binary alternative. Genderqueer An identity label used by some individuals whose experienced and/or expressed gender does not conform to the male/female binary or who reject the gender binary." - Terminology, by the American Psychiatric Association (APA).
Arcane Paws & Tales
Title: LGBTQ+, SCIENCE, AND CHRISTIANITY - MY OPINION
[[Part 3/4]] (read part 2 first) SOURCES continued:
Sexuality:
"What causes a person to have a particular sexual orientation?
There is no consensus among scientists about the exact reasons that an individual develops a heterosexual, bisexual, gay, or lesbian orientation. Although much research has examined the possible genetic, hormonal, developmental, social, and cultural influences on sexual orientation, no findings have emerged that permit scientists to conclude that sexual orientation is determined by any particular factor or factors. Many think that nature and nurture both play complex roles; most people experience little or no sense of choice about their sexual orientation." - Understanding sexual orientation and homosexuality, by the American Psychological Association.
Transgender individuals:
"Gender refers to the characteristics of women, men, girls and boys that are socially constructed. This includes norms, behaviours and roles associated with being a woman, man, girl or boy, as well as relationships with each other. As a social construct, gender varies from society to society and can change over time.... Gender interacts with but is different from sex, which refers to the different biological and physiological characteristics of females, males and intersex persons, such as chromosomes, hormones and reproductive organs. Gender and sex are related to but different from gender identity. Gender identity refers to a person’s deeply felt, internal and individual experience of gender, which may or may not correspond to the person’s physiology or designated sex at birth." - Gender and Health, the World Health Organization (WHO).
"Understanding sex and gender is critical to understanding human health and disease. Although “sex” is often incorrectly thought to have the same meaning as “gender,” the terms describe different but connected constructs. Sex and gender shape health independently as distinct factors, as well as interactively through the many ways in which they intersect and influence each other.[1] It is important to understand the differences and interactions between sex and gender to better understand how they affect health and why they are important in medical practice and health research." - Sex and Gender, the National Institutes of Health (NIH).
"What is the difference between sex and gender?
Sex is assigned at birth, refers to one’s biological status as either male or female, and is associated primarily with physical attributes such as chromosomes, hormone prevalence, and external and internal anatomy. Gender refers to the socially constructed roles, behaviors, activities, and attributes that a given society considers appropriate for boys and men or girls and women. These influence the ways that people act, interact, and feel about themselves. While aspects of biological sex are similar across different cultures, aspects of gender may differ.
Various conditions that lead to atypical development of physical sex characteristics are collectively referred to as intersex conditions.
Have transgender people always existed?
Transgender persons have been documented in many indigenous, Western, and Eastern cultures and societies from antiquity until the present day. However, the meaning of gender nonconformity may vary from culture to culture.
Why are some people transgender?
There is no single explanation for why some people are transgender. The diversity of transgender expression and experiences argues against any simple or unitary explanation. Many experts believe that biological factors such as genetic influences and prenatal hormone levels, early experiences, and experiences later in adolescence or adulthood may all contribute to the development of transgender identities." - Understanding transgender people, gender identity and gender expression, American Psychological Association (APA).
"Although sex has traditionally been described as binary—male or female—we are coming to understand that this classification may be too simplistic. Here, we use the term sex to refer to classification into a group with a shared set of anatomical and physiological traits. In this sense, sex in many species is determined largely by inheritance of sex chromosomes. (The term gender, previously used as a synonym of sex, is now more often used to refer to an individual’s own experience of identifying as male, female, or otherwise.)....
The biochemical, physiological, and anatomical features associated with “males” and “females” are turning out to be more complicated than previously thought, with many genes involved in their development. Because of the complexity of this process, many variations exist: Some individuals vary in the number of sex chromosomes in their cells, and others are born with intermediate sexual (intersex) characteristics, or with anatomical features that do not match an individual’s sense of their own gender (transgender individuals). Sex determination is an active area of research that will likely yield a more sophisticated understanding in years to come...." - Campbell Biology 12th Edition textbook, Page 298-299 & 1031, Lisa A. Urry, Michael L. Cain, Steven A. Wasserman.
"Some people have a gender which is neither male nor female and may identify as both male and female at one time, as different genders at different times, as no gender at all, or dispute the very idea of only two genders. The umbrella terms for such genders are 'genderqueer' or 'non-binary' genders. Such gender identities outside of the binary of female and male are increasingly being recognized in legal, medical and psychological systems and diagnostic classifications in line with the emerging presence and advocacy of these groups of people. Population-based studies show a small percentage--but a sizable proportion in terms of raw numbers--of people who identify as non-binary. While such genders have been extant historically and globally, they remain marginalized, and as such--while not being disorders or pathological in themselves--people with such genders remain at risk of victimization and of minority or marginalization stress as a result of discrimination." - Non-binary or genderqueer genders, by the National Institutes of Health (NIH).
"Gender is a multidimensional social and cultural construct that includes gender roles, expressions, behaviors, activities, power dynamics, and/or attributes that a given society associates with being a woman, man, girl, or boy, as well as relationships with each other. As a social construct, gender varies from society to society and can change over time.... A nonbinary person identifies outside of a gender binary by seeing themselves as neither a man nor or woman. Nonbinary people are part of the trans community." - Sex, Gender, and Sexuality, by the National Institutes of Health (NIH).
"The American Psychological Association has adopted a resolution opposing efforts to change people’s gender identity, citing scientific research showing that such actions may be harmful.
The resolution, adopted by APA’s governing Council of Representatives on Feb. 26, aligns with the association’s stance against similar efforts aimed at changing people’s sexual orientation.
“There is a growing body of research that shows that transgender or nonbinary gender identities are normal variations in human expression of gender,” said APA President Jennifer F. Kelly, PhD. “Attempts to force people to conform with rigid gender identities can be harmful to their mental health and well-being.”" - APA adopts resolution opposing biased or coercive efforts to change individuals’ gender identity, by the American Psychological Association (APA).
"Gender has two components:
1. Gender identity – a person’s basic internal sense of being a man, woman, and/or another gender (e.g., gender queer, gender fluid).
2. Gender expression – conveyed through appearance (e.g., clothing, make up, physical features), behaviors, and personality styles. These means of expression are often culturally defined as masculine or feminine. The ways in which people express their gender identity are both particular to each individual and variable across cultures." - Definitions of Gender, Sex, and Sexual Orientation and Pronoun Usage, by the American Psychiatric Association (APA).
"Sex
A person’s categorization as biologically male or female, usually on a genital or gonadal basis. Gender Identity
One’s identity as belonging or not belonging to a particular gender, whether male, female or a non-binary alternative.
Genderqueer
An identity label used by some individuals whose experienced and/or expressed gender does not conform to the male/female binary or who reject the gender binary." - Terminology, by the American Psychiatric Association (APA).
2 months ago (edited) | [YT] | 4