Leesuhyun

**๐ŸŒ International Journalโ€“Style Dual-Language Technical Description

์žฅ์ œยท๋ฐœ๊ตฝ ๊ท ์—ด ์ „๋ฌธ ์„ค๋ช… (KORโ€“ENG 1:1 ๊ตฌ์กฐ)**

ABSTRACT (์ดˆ๋ก)

KOR
๋ฐœ๊ตฝ ๊ท ์—ด(์—ด์ œ)์€ ๋ง์˜ ๋ณดํ–‰ ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ, ์ง€์ง€ ๊ตฌ์กฐ, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์žฅ๊ธฐ์  ๊ทผ๊ณจ๊ฒฉ๊ณ„ ๊ฑด๊ฐ•์— ์ง์ ‘์ ์ธ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š” ์ค‘๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ •ํ˜•ยท์žฅ์ œํ•™์  ๋ณ‘๋ณ€์ด๋‹ค. ๋ณธ ๋…ผ๋ฌธํ˜• ์„ค๋ช…์—์„œ๋Š” ๋ฐœ๊ตฝ ๊ท ์—ด์˜ ๋ถ„๋ฅ˜, ๋ณ‘ํƒœ์ƒ๋ฆฌ, ๋ฐœ์ƒ ๊ธฐ์ „, ์ง„๋‹จ ๊ธฐ์ค€, ๊ต์ • ์žฅ์ œ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์˜ˆ๋ฐฉ ์ „๋žต์„ ๊ตญ์ œ์  ํ•™์ˆ  ๊ธฐ์ค€์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ฒด๊ณ„์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ •๋ฆฌํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.

ENG
Hoof cracks represent a significant farriery and orthopedic condition that directly affects equine locomotion, weight-bearing stability, and long-term musculoskeletal health. This article-style description provides a systematic and academically structured overview of crack classification, pathophysiology, etiology, diagnostic protocols, corrective farriery techniques, and preventive strategies based on international standards.

1. INTRODUCTION (์„œ๋ก )

KOR
๋ฐœ๊ตฝ ๊ท ์—ด์€ ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ๋ง ์‚ฐ์—…์—์„œ ๋†’์€ ๋ฐœ๋ณ‘๋ฅ ์„ ๋ณด์ด๋ฉฐ, ๊ทธ ์›์ธ์€ ๋‹จ์ผ ์š”์†Œ๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹Œ ๊ธฐ๊ณ„์  ์ŠคํŠธ๋ ˆ์Šค, ๋ฐœ๊ตฝ ๊ตฌ์กฐ์˜ ๋ถˆ๊ท ํ˜•, ์˜์–‘ ๊ฒฐํ•, ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์  ๋ณ€ํ™”, ์œ ์ „์  ๋ฒฝ์งˆ ์•ฝํ™” ๋“ฑ์ด ๋ณตํ•ฉ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ž‘์šฉํ•œ๋‹ค. ๊ท ์—ด์€ ๋‹จ์ˆœ ์™ธํ˜•์  ๊ฒฐํ•จ์„ ๋„˜์–ด ๊ฐ์—ผ, ํŒŒํ–‰, ์šด๋™ ๋ถˆ๋Šฅ, ๋ฐ˜๋ณต ์†์ƒ ๋“ฑ ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ํ•ฉ๋ณ‘์ฆ์„ ์œ ๋ฐœํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค.

ENG
Hoof cracks exhibit high prevalence across global equine populations. Rather than arising from a single factor, they are the consequence of complex interactions among mechanical stress, structural imbalance, nutritional insufficiency, environmental fluctuations, and hereditary hoof-wall weakness. Beyond cosmetic defects, cracks are associated with infection, lameness, impaired athletic performance, and recurrent structural instability.

2. CLASSIFICATION OF HOOF CRACKS (๋ฐœ๊ตฝ ๊ท ์—ด์˜ ๋ถ„๋ฅ˜)
2.1 Based on direction (๋ฐฉํ–ฅ๋ณ„ ๋ถ„๋ฅ˜)

KOR

์ข…์—ด์ œ(Vertical Crack): ์„ธ๋กœ ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ ๊ท ์—ด

ํšก์—ด์ œ(Horizontal Crack): ๊ฐ€๋กœ ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ ๊ท ์—ด

ENG

Vertical Crack: Axially oriented fissures

Horizontal Crack: Transverse fissures across the hoof wall

2.2 Based on anatomical location (ํ•ด๋ถ€ํ•™์  ์œ„์น˜๋ณ„ ๋ถ„๋ฅ˜)

KOR

์ œ์ฒจ๋ถ€ ์—ด์ œ(Toe Crack)

์ œ์ธก๋ถ€ ์—ด์ œ(Quarter Crack)

์ œ์ข…๋ถ€ ์—ด์ œ(Heel Crack)

์ œ์ง€๊ฐ ์—ด์ œ(Bar Crack)

ENG

Toe Crack

Quarter Crack

Heel Crack

Bar Crack

2.3 Based on depth (๊นŠ์ด ๊ธฐ์ค€ ๋ถ„๋ฅ˜)

KOR

ํ‘œ์ธต์—ด(Superficial): ๋ฒฝ์˜ ์™ธ์ธต๋งŒ ์†์ƒ

์‹ฌ์ธต์—ด(Deep): ๋ฐฑ์„ ์„ ๋„˜์–ด ๋‚ด๋ถ€ ์ง„ํ”ผ๊นŒ์ง€ ์ง„ํ–‰

ENG

Superficial: Affecting outer hoof wall layers

Deep: Extending beyond the white line into sensitive laminae

3. PATHOPHYSIOLOGY (๋ณ‘ํƒœ์ƒ๋ฆฌ)

KOR
๋ฐœ๊ตฝ ๊ท ์—ด์€ ๋ฐœ๊ตฝ ๋ฒฝ ์กฐ์ง์˜ ์ธ์žฅ ๊ฐ•๋„ ๊ฐ์†Œ์™€ ๋ถˆ๊ท ํ˜•ํ•œ ์••๋ ฅ ๋ถ„ํฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ฒฐํ•ฉ๋  ๋•Œ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•œ๋‹ค. ๋ฐœ๊ตฝ์€ ์••๋ ฅ์ด ์ง‘์ค‘๋œ ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐˆ๋ผ์ง€๋ฉฐ, ์ด๋Š” ๊ณง ์•ฝํ•œ ๊ตฌ์กฐ์  ๋ถ€์œ„๋ฅผ ๋”ฐ๋ผ ์ง„ํ–‰๋œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•œ๋‹ค.

ENG
Hoof cracks develop when tensile strength of the hoof wall is compromised in combination with asymmetrical load distribution. Cracks propagate along the line of maximal stress, typically following preexisting structural weaknesses within the wall architecture.

4. ETIOLOGY (์›์ธ)

KOR

์žฅ๊ธฐ๊ฐ„ ๊ณผ๋„ํ•œ ๋ฐœ๊ตฝ ๊ธธ์ด

๋‹จ๋‹จํ•œ ์ง€๋ฉด ์ถฉ๊ฒฉ

์Šตยท๊ฑด์กฐ ๋ฐ˜๋ณต ํ™˜๊ฒฝ

์˜์–‘ ๊ฒฐํ•(ํŠนํžˆ ๋น„์˜คํ‹ดยท๋‹จ๋ฐฑ์งˆยท์•„์—ฐยท๊ตฌ๋ฆฌ)

๋ถˆ๊ท ํ˜• ์ฐฉ์ง€(Lateral/Medial imbalance)

Carpus valgus ๋“ฑ ํ•˜์ง€ ์ •๋ ฌ ์ด์ƒ

๊ฐ์—ผ์„ฑ ๋ฒฝ์งˆ ์•ฝํ™”

ENG

Excessive hoof length

Hard-surface concussion

Repetitive wetโ€“dry cycles

Nutritional deficiencies (Biotin, Protein, Zinc, Copper)

Landing imbalance (Lateralโ€“medial asymmetry)

Limb conformational defects such as carpus valgus

Infectious degradation of keratin tissue

5. DIAGNOSIS (์ง„๋‹จ ๊ธฐ์ค€)

KOR
์ „๋ฌธ ์žฅ์ œ์‚ฌ๋Š” ๋‹ค์Œ ๋‘ ์š”์†Œ๋ฅผ ์ตœ์šฐ์„ ์œผ๋กœ ํ‰๊ฐ€ํ•œ๋‹ค:

๊ท ์—ด ์ง„ํ–‰ ์†๋„ vs ๋ฐœ๊ตฝ ์„ฑ์žฅ ์†๋„

๊ฐ์—ผ ์—ฌ๋ถ€(์ถœํ˜ˆ, ๊ณ ๋ฆ„, ๋ฐœ์—ด, ๋ƒ„์ƒˆ)

ENG
A farrierโ€™s primary diagnostic priorities include:

Progression velocity of the crack vs hoof growth rate

Presence of infection (hemorrhage, exudate, heat, odor)

KOR: ๊ฐ์—ผ๋œ ๊ท ์—ด์€ ์ ˆ๋Œ€ ์ ‘์ฐฉ์ œ๋กœ ๋ฎ์œผ๋ฉด ์•ˆ ๋œ๋‹ค.
ENG: Infected cracks must never be sealed with adhesives.

**6. CORRECTIVE FARRIERY & TREATMENT METHODS

(๊ต์ • ์žฅ์ œ ๋ฐ ์น˜๋ฃŒ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•)**

6.1 Hoof balancing (๋ฐœ๊ตฝ ๊ท ํ˜• ์กฐ์ •)

KOR: ๋ฌด๊ฒŒ ์ค‘์‹ฌ ์žฌ๋ฐฐ๋ถ„์œผ๋กœ ์••๋ ฅ ์ œ๊ฑฐ
ENG: Reestablishing load symmetry to reduce structural stress

6.2 Resection (๊ท ์—ด ์ ˆ์ œ)

KOR: ๋ฐ•๋ฆฌ๋œ ๋ฒฝ์งˆ ์ œ๊ฑฐ
ENG: Excision of compromised wall material

6.3 Adhesive repair (์•„ํฌ๋ฆดยทํด๋ฆฌ๋จธ ์ ‘์ฐฉ)

KOR: ๊ฐ์—ผ์ด ์—†์„ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋งŒ ์ ์šฉ
ENG: Applied only to non-infected, dry cracks

6.4 Fiberglass reinforcement (์œ ๋ฆฌ์„ฌ์œ  ๋ณด๊ฐ•)

KOR: ๊ณ ๊ฐ•๋„ ์™ธ๋ถ€ ์ง€์ง€์ธต ํ˜•์„ฑ
ENG: Creates a reinforced external support layer

6.5 Corrective shoeing (๊ต์ • ์‹ ๋ฐœ)

KOR: Toe/Quarter clip, Bar shoe, Heel support
ENG: Toe clips, quarter clips, bar shoes, heel-support systems

7. PREVENTION (์˜ˆ๋ฐฉ ์ „๋žต)

KOR

๋ฐœ๊ตฝ ์ผ์ผ ์ฒญ์†Œ

์ ์ • ์Šต๋„ ๊ด€๋ฆฌ

์šด๋™๋Ÿ‰ ์œ ์ง€

์ •๊ธฐ์ ์ธ ์žฅ์ œ(์ฃผ๊ธฐ ์ดˆ๊ณผ ๊ธˆ์ง€)

์˜์–‘ ๋ณด์ถฉ(๋น„์˜คํ‹ดยท๋ฏธ๋„ค๋ž„)

ENG

Daily hoof cleaning

Moisture regulation

Adequate exercise

Strict farriery schedule

Biotin and mineral supplementation

8. DISCUSSION (๊ณ ์ฐฐ)

KOR
๋ฐœ๊ตฝ ๊ท ์—ด์˜ ํšŒ๋ณต๋ฅ ์€ โ€œ๋ฐœ๊ตฝ ์„ฑ์žฅ ์†๋„ > ๊ท ์—ด ํ™•์‚ฐ ์†๋„โ€๋ผ๋Š” ๋‹จ์ˆœํ•œ ์—ญํ•™์  ์›๋ฆฌ์— ์˜ํ•ด ๊ฒฐ์ •๋œ๋‹ค.
๊ท ํ˜• ์กฐ์ •๊ณผ ๊ต์ • ์‹ ๋ฐœ์€ ๊ท ์—ด ๋ถ€์œ„์— ๊ฐ€ํ•ด์ง€๋Š” ์ „๋‹จ๋ ฅ๊ณผ ์ธ์žฅ๋ ฅ์„ ๊ฐ์†Œ์‹œ์ผœ ์น˜๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์†ํ™”ํ•œ๋‹ค.

ENG
Recovery depends fundamentally on the biomechanical principle that hoof growth must exceed crack propagation.
Balancing and corrective shoeing reduce shear and tensile forces at the crack margins, accelerating restoration of wall integrity.

9. CONCLUSION (๊ฒฐ๋ก )

KOR
๋ฐœ๊ตฝ ๊ท ์—ด์€ ์ ์ ˆํ•œ ์ง„๋‹จ, ๊ต์ • ์žฅ์ œ, ํ™˜๊ฒฝยท์˜์–‘ ๊ด€๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ณ‘ํ–‰๋  ๋•Œ ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„ ํšŒ๋ณต๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค.
๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ๋ฐฉ์น˜ ์‹œ ๊ฐ์—ผ, ํŒŒํ–‰, ๊ตฌ์กฐ ๋ณ€ํ˜•์„ ์ดˆ๋ž˜ํ•˜๋ฉฐ ๋ง์˜ ํ‰์ƒ ๊ฑด๊ฐ•์— ์น˜๋ช…์ ์ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค.

ENG
Hoof cracks are highly treatable when accurate diagnosis, corrective farriery, and environmental/nutritional management are implemented together.
If neglected, they may lead to infection, lameness, and chronic structural deformity, resulting in long-term functional impairment.

10. GLOBAL MESSAGE

KOR
์œ ํŠœ๋ธŒ๋กœ ์„ธ๊ณ„๋Š” ํ•˜๋‚˜๊ฐ€ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ์–ธ์–ด๋กœ ๋Œ“๊ธ€์„ ๋‚จ๊ฒจ์ฃผ์„ธ์š”.
์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์นœ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ณ , ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์–ธ์  ๊ฐ€ ๋งŒ๋‚  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

ENG
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11. CONTACT (๊ณต์‹ ์ด๋ฉ”์ผ)

ํ•œ๊ตญ ๋ฌธ์˜: hid7771@naver.com

Global inquiry: bestgood7778@gmail.com

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