World War Two

On 27 April 1946, the McDonnell XHJH Whirlaway takes to the skies for its maiden flight, becoming the largest helicopter yet flown in the United States and the first American twin-rotor helicopter ever to lift off.

Developed for the U.S. Navy, the Whirlaway—formally designated the XHJH-1—emerges from a wartime drive to expand rotary-wing aviation beyond small, single-rotor designs. At a time when helicopters remain experimental and largely confined to niche roles, the Whirlaway represents a bold step into heavy-lift capability and multi-passenger transport. Unlike conventional helicopters such as the Bell Model 47, which received FAA civilian certification just weeks ago, which we covered in our 8 March post, McDonnell's new machine explores a very different engineering path: the transverse-rotor system.

The XHJH Whirlaway is built around two horizontally opposed, intermeshing rotors mounted at the ends of short wing-like outriggers. This transverse-rotor layout eliminates the need for a tail rotor, which in traditional designs counters torque produced by the main rotor. By using two counter-rotating rotors on either side of the fuselage, the Whirlaway inherently balances torque while also improving lateral stability. The aircraft is powered by two 450-horsepower Pratt & Whitney R-985 Wasp Junior radial engines—each driving one of the rotors—allowing it to lift heavier loads than any other American helicopter to date.

The Whirlaway’s fuselage is large and boxy, designed to carry up to 10 passengers or bulky cargo. Its rear loading ramp and internal layout suggest the Navy’s interest in using it for air-sea rescue, medical evacuation, and cargo transport—tasks unmanageable with the compact Bell 47 or Sikorsky R-4. In testing, the XHJH-1 demonstrates promising handling characteristics and robust lift performance, though its size and mechanical complexity raise concerns about maintenance and operational costs.

Nevertheless, today, test pilot Charles R. Wood showcases the Whirlaway's flight capabilities.

Picture: The world’s first twin-engine helicopter, the XHJD-1, also was the largest.
Source: U.S. Naval Institute Photo Archive

2 days ago | [YT] | 2,399



@cristofori2230

The Brotherhood of Steel would like to have a word.

2 days ago | 72

@jamesboyle6134

It looks like the V-22 Osprey's grandpa!

2 days ago | 82

@AnjanS-rp4qk

Excellent design and performance.

2 days ago | 21

@Moftheg

I guess this is where the term whirly bird came from?

2 days ago | 28

@jeremya.695

This is actually safer than any current Boeing product

2 days ago | 9

@getanearlyd8276

Didn't the focke fa223 fly 6 years before this?

19 minutes ago | 0

@michaelchristy506

It always feels weird that helicopters were so close to being a part of ww2 but just missed the action

2 days ago | 8

@SuperCrazf

Quite the historic moment!

2 days ago | 1

@muhammadhafeez728

Feels like Vertibird from Fallout

2 days ago | 1

@andrewklang809

So two side-by-side rotors, vs two front and back rotors, like a Chinook. Any meaningful differences in use?

2 days ago | 2

@Terabit3

"Whirlaway" is an awesome name

2 days ago | 2

@tealeafandco

Im sure modern versions of that are occasionally seen flying here in Wiltshire, south west England.

2 days ago | 1

@oldesertguy9616

I think people don't realize that the US was working on helicopters during WWII. They were doing it concurrently with the German developments. The Germans weren't the only country with brilliant minds. If you compare what Sikorski was manufacturing in 1942 to the German design, the US was probably way ahead of Germany.

2 days ago | 44

@theortheo2401

I see where the Resistance devs got their idea

1 day ago | 0

@fjbz3737

The first banana helicopter

2 days ago | 3

@Just_Addd_Water

Follow the whirly bird

1 day ago | 0

@martijn9568

Sooo, what happens when one engine quits?

2 days ago | 4

@dougkabler3032

These things could have a future.

2 days ago | 0

@MrBjanders

Nice! A heliocopter aeroplane!

2 days ago | 0

@no-legjohnny3691

Looks eerily similar to the Fa 223, except it has a couple externally mounted jet turbines to run the blades instead of a single internal radial motor.

2 days ago | 2