Statement: "For every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction."
This means that whenever one object exerts a force on a second object, the second object exerts an equal force in the opposite direction on the first object.
Mathematical Representation:
If object A exerts a force F on object B, then object B exerts a force -F on object A:
F(AB)= -F(BA)
Equal in magnitude
Opposite in direction
Acting on different objects (Action and Reaction forces never cancel out each other because they act on different bodies)
Examples:
1. Walking – When you push the ground backward with your foot, the ground pushes you forward with an equal force.
2. Rocket propulsion – The rocket pushes gases downward, and the gases push the rocket upward.
3. Jumping off a boat – When you jump forward from a boat, the boat moves backward.
4. Recoil of a gun – When a bullet is fired forward, the gun moves backward with an equal and opposite force.
Physics (11th and 12th) by Er GK Singh
Newton's Third Law of Motion
Statement:
"For every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction."
This means that whenever one object exerts a force on a second object, the second object exerts an equal force in the opposite direction on the first object.
Mathematical Representation:
If object A exerts a force F on object B, then object B exerts a force -F on object A:
F(AB)= -F(BA)
Equal in magnitude
Opposite in direction
Acting on different objects (Action and Reaction forces never cancel out each other because they act on different bodies)
Examples:
1. Walking – When you push the ground backward with your foot, the ground pushes you forward with an equal force.
2. Rocket propulsion – The rocket pushes gases downward, and the gases push the rocket upward.
3. Jumping off a boat – When you jump forward from a boat, the boat moves backward.
4. Recoil of a gun – When a bullet is fired forward, the gun moves backward with an equal and opposite force.
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