3WW

The Limba: An Underrated History

The **Limba people** carry a history far greater than the attention they often receive.

From the mountains and forests of Sierra Leone and Guinea came communities shaped by resilience, independence, agriculture, warfare, diplomacy, and deep cultural traditions.

The Limba were never simply a footnote in West African history.

They survived the rise and fall of kingdoms, defended their communities, adapted to changing political powers, and preserved a distinctive language and identity through centuries of upheaval.

Sometimes, the most fascinating stories belong to the people whose names were **left out of the textbooks.**

**The Limba story deserves to be remembered.**

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Are black Americans African?

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Free African Society Preamble:

12th, 4th mo., 1787[sic]. — WHEREAS, Absalom Jones and Richard Allen, two men
of the African race, who, for their religious life and conversation have obtained a good
report among men, these persons, from a love to the people of their complexion whom they
beheld with sorrow, because of their irreligious and uncivilized state, often communed
together upon this painful and important subject in order to form some kind of religious
society, but there being too few to be found under the like concern, and those who were,
differed in their religious sentiments; with these circumstances they labored for some time,
till it was proposed, after a serious communication of sentiments, that a society should be
formed, without regard to religious tenets, provided, the persons lived an orderly and sober
life, in order to support one another in sickness, and for the benefit of their widows and
fatherless children.
ARTICLES.
17th, 5th mo., 1787.— We, the free Africans and their descendants, of the City of
Philadelphia, in the State of Pennsylvania, or elsewhere, do unanimously agree, for the
benefit of each other, to advance one shilling in silver Pennsylvania currency a month; and
after one year’s subscription from the date hereof, then to hand forth to the needy of this
Society, if any should require, the sum of three shillings and nine pence per week of the said
money: provided, this necessity is not brought on them by their own imprudence.
And it is further agreed, that no drunkard nor disorderly person be admitted as a
member, and if any should prove disorderly after having been received, the said disorderly
person shall be disjointed from us if there is not an amendment, by being informed by two
of the members, without having any of his subscription money returned.
And if any should neglect paying his monthly subscription for three months, and
after having been informed of the same by two of the members, and no sufficient reason
appearing for such neglect, if he do not pay the whole the next ensuing meeting, he shall be
disjointed from us, by being informed by two of the members as an offender, without
having any of his subscription money returned.

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1 year ago | [YT] | 7

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✊🏾 The Black Panthers & The Mulford Act Protest (1967) ✊🏾

In May 1967, the Black Panther Party made history by marching—armed and disciplined—into the California State Capitol in protest of the Mulford Act. This law, backed by then-Governor Ronald Reagan, aimed to ban open carry of firearms, directly targeting the Panthers' police patrols that protected Black communities from brutality.

🔫 The Panthers legally carried firearms to exercise their Second Amendment rights and defend against racial violence.
🏛️ The Mulford Act was a response to Black self-defense, revealing a double standard in gun control laws.
📢 Their protest sparked nationwide attention, solidifying the Black Panther Party as a force in the fight for racial justice, self-determination, and community empowerment.

This moment exposed how Black gun ownership was treated differently—and how the state reacted when Black people demanded their constitutional rights.

💬 What do YOU think about the Panthers’ protest? Let’s discuss in the comments!

🔔 Don’t forget to like, share, and subscribe for more Black history content!

#BlackPanthers #MulfordAct #GunRights #BlackHistory #SelfDefense #CivilRights #PowerToThePeople

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1 year ago (edited) | [YT] | 5

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Remembering Malcolm X – 60 Years Later

February 21, 1965—60 years ago today, the world lost Malcolm X, one of the most powerful voices for Black liberation. His journey from street hustler to revolutionary leader, and ultimately to a global symbol of justice, remains an inspiration.

🔎 His Legacy:
✊🏾 Nation of Islam Leader – Malcolm X fearlessly spoke against racism, self-hate, and economic oppression, urging Black people to embrace self-reliance and empowerment. Through fiery speeches and bold action, he became a national spokesman for the Nation of Islam, challenging the system of white supremacy with an unapologetic message of Black pride and resistance.

🌍 A Shift to Orthodox Islam – After his pilgrimage to Mecca in 1964, he experienced a spiritual and ideological transformation. Seeing Muslims of all races worship together, he embraced Sunni Islam and renounced racial separatism. Through his new organization, the Organization of Afro-American Unity (OAAU), he expanded his activism beyond Black nationalism to human rights advocacy, linking the Black struggle in America to global liberation movements.

📢 A Voice Silenced, A Movement Strengthened – Malcolm X’s assassination was meant to stop him, but his message only grew stronger. His speeches, writings, and philosophy influenced generations of activists, from the Black Panther Party to today’s movements for racial justice, economic empowerment, and self-determination. His call for Black unity, self-defense, and political awareness remains as relevant today as ever.

Malcolm X’s evolution showed the power of transformation—from anger to enlightenment, from division to unity. His legacy is one of courage, truth, and an unwavering commitment to freedom by any means necessary.

💬 What does Malcolm X’s legacy mean to you? Drop a comment below!

🔔 Don’t forget to like, share, and subscribe to keep Black history alive!

1 year ago | [YT] | 4

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George Ross Kirkpatrick (1867–1937) was an American political activist, lecturer, and author who became a prominent voice in the socialist movement during the early 20th century. Born in West Lafayette, Ohio, he pursued education at the University of Cincinnati and Harvard University before becoming deeply involved in political advocacy.


Kirkpatrick was best known for his staunch opposition to war, which he saw as a tool of capitalist exploitation, designed to benefit the wealthy at the expense of workers. His most influential work, *War—What For?* (1910), was a scathing critique of militarism and the socio-economic forces driving nations to conflict. The book emphasized the human cost of war and sought to awaken the working class to the ways in which they were manipulated into supporting wars that primarily served elite interests.


In 1916, Kirkpatrick ran as the vice-presidential candidate for the Socialist Party of America alongside presidential nominee Allan L. Benson. Their campaign focused on promoting socialism, peace, and workers' rights, and strongly criticized U.S. preparations for involvement in World War I.

Kirkpatrick's legacy is marked by his dedication to social justice, pacifism, and his belief in the power of education and activism to create a more equitable and peaceful world.

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1 year ago | [YT] | 7

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The Scottsboro Nine incident, a pivotal case in American history, began on March 25, 1931, in Alabama. Nine African American teenagers were falsely accused of raping two white women aboard a freight train. Despite weak evidence and clear racial bias, they were swiftly arrested and faced all-white juries. Eight of the nine were sentenced to death, igniting nationwide outrage and international condemnation.

The case became a symbol of racial injustice in America, but what makes it particularly significant is the role of the Soviet Union and the Communist Party USA in bringing global attention to the plight of these young men. The International Labor Defense (ILD), affiliated with the Communist Party, took up their legal defense and framed the case as an attack on both racial and class oppression. The Soviet Union used its platform to denounce the U.S. justice system, exposing racial inequality as a contradiction to America's claims of freedom and democracy. Soviet media widely publicized the case, linking it to broader anti-imperialist and anti-capitalist struggles.

The Scottsboro Nine incident is crucial to civil rights history for several reasons. It exposed the deep flaws in the American justice system, highlighted the systemic racism in the South, and paved the way for future legal battles that would shape the Civil Rights Movement. It also demonstrated the power of global solidarity in fighting injustice.

For leftist ideals, the case underscores the interconnectedness of racial and economic oppression. It shows how collective action—whether through legal challenges, grassroots organizing, or international pressure—can bring about change. The involvement of the Soviet Union and leftist organizations highlighted the importance of challenging oppressive systems both domestically and globally, inspiring future movements to unite marginalized groups in the pursuit of justice and equality.

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The Maji Maji Rebellion (1905–1907) was a large-scale, anti-colonial uprising in German East Africa (modern-day Tanzania). The rebellion was sparked by German encroachment, particularly forced cotton cultivation, which disrupted local economies and livelihoods. Tribal native groups united against German rule under the belief in a shared spiritual protection.

A key element of the resistance was the use of "Maji Maji" ("magic water")—a mixture of water, castor oil, and millet seeds—distributed by a spiritual leader named Kinjikitile Ngwale. He convinced native fighters that the water, when sprinkled on their bodies, would turn German bullets into harmless water. This belief, combined with deep frustrations over colonial oppression, fueled the resistance.

Despite their bravery and unity, the rebellion was brutally suppressed by the Germans, resulting in the deaths of an estimated 75,000 to 300,000 from combat and mostly famine. This native rebellion remains a powerful symbol of resistance against colonial exploitation.

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1 year ago | [YT] | 10

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Operation Cherry Blossoms at Night was a sinister and ambitious plan devised by Imperial Japan during the final stages of World War II. Spearheaded by Unit 731, Japan's infamous biological warfare division under Shiro Ishii, the operation aimed to deploy biological weapons—specifically fleas infected with bubonic plague—against the United States. The primary target was Southern California, with the objective of creating chaos and potentially devastating civilian populations.

The plan involved using submarines to transport kamikaze pilots equipped with Aichi M6A Seiran aircraft carrying plague-infected fleas. These pilots would intentionally crash their planes into strategic areas to maximize the spread of the plague. The attack was scheduled for September 22, 1945. However, it was never executed. Japan's surrender on August 15, 1945, following the atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki, rendered the operation moot.

Operation Cherry Blossoms at Night reflects the desperation of Japan in the war's closing months and highlights the extent of human experimentation conducted by Unit 731, which also carried out biological attacks in China earlier in the war. These actions have been widely condemned as war crimes​

pearlharbor.org/blog/the-secret-japanese-plan-for-…

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**Summary of WWII Conflict**
World War II (1939–1945) was a global conflict involving most of the world's nations. It was marked by widespread devastation, political upheaval, and significant civilian and military casualties. The war began with Nazi Germany's invasion of Poland, prompting Britain and France to declare war. It escalated into a total war involving major world powers across Europe, Africa, Asia, and the Pacific.

The war ended with the defeat of the Axis Powers in 1945. Germany surrendered in May after Adolf Hitler's death, and Japan surrendered in August following the atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki by the United States

Opposing Coalitions

1. Axis Powers
- Key Members: Germany, Italy, Japan
- Objectives: Expansion of territorial control and the establishment of empires. Germany sought dominance in Europe, Japan aimed for control in Asia and the Pacific, and Italy pursued imperial ambitions in Africa and the Mediterranean.
- Leadership: Adolf Hitler (Germany), Benito Mussolini (Italy), and Emperor Hirohito with Prime Minister Hideki Tojo (Japan).

2. Allied Powers
- Key Members: United States, Soviet Union, United Kingdom, China, and France (among others).
- Objectives: Stop Axis aggression, restore invaded nations, and defeat fascist ideologies. Later, the Allies also aimed to create a new world order promoting peace and reconstruction.
- Leadership: Winston Churchill (UK), Franklin D. Roosevelt and later Harry S. Truman (USA), Joseph Stalin (Soviet Union), and Chiang Kai-shek (China).

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