Biotech Wala

Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) is a widely used molecular biology technique that allows scientists to amplify a specific segment of DNA, producing millions of copies from a very small initial sample. It works through a series of temperature-controlled steps carried out in a machine called a thermal cycler. The process begins with denaturation, where the double-stranded DNA is heated (around 94–98°C) to separate into single strands. This is followed by annealing (50–65°C), during which short DNA sequences called primers bind to complementary regions on the target DNA. In the final step, extension (around 72°C), a heat-stable enzyme known as Taq DNA polymerase synthesizes new DNA strands by adding nucleotides (dNTPs) to the primers. These three steps constitute one cycle, and the cycle is repeated 25–35 times, leading to exponential amplification of the target DNA (doubling with each cycle). PCR requires essential components such as template DNA, primers, DNA polymerase, nucleotides, and a suitable buffer. It has numerous applications in fields like medical diagnostics (e.g., detection of infectious diseases), forensic science, genetic engineering, and research, making it a fundamental tool in modern biotechnology.

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6 months ago |[YT] | 0

Biotech Wala

The leaf sheep slug, or Costasiella kuroshimae, is a tiny sea slug that looks like a cartoon sheep with leaf-like “wool.”

It earns its nickname because it can perform photosynthesis — a process usually reserved for plants. By eating algae and storing the algae’s chloroplasts in its body, it uses sunlight to make its own energy, almost like a solar-powered animal.
Found in shallow waters near Japan, Indonesia, and the Philippines, this unique creature is both adorable and scientifically fascinating, blending traits of animals and plants in one tiny package.
#leafsheep #biotech #biotechnology #science #sciencefacts

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1 year ago |[YT] | 2