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Medical and health
Nitroglycerin is an organic nitrate that functions as a potent vasodilator, primarily by releasing nitric oxide (NO), which activates guanylate cyclase in vascular smooth muscle cells. This leads to increased cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) levels, resulting in smooth muscle relaxation and vasodilation.
☑️Nitroglycerin predominantly affects venous capacitance vessels, reducing preload and left ventricular end-diastolic pressure, which alleviates myocardial oxygen demand. At higher doses, it also dilates arterial vessels, reducing afterload and improving coronary perfusion. It is commonly used for angina, acute heart failure, and hypertensive emergencies due to its rapid onset of action, particularly in sublingual and intravenous forms. However, its efficacy can diminish with prolonged use due to nitrate tolerance, necessitating nitrate-free intervals to restore responsiveness.
☑️Common side effects include headache, hypotension, and reflex tachycardia.
10 months ago | [YT] | 3
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